Frequently Asked Questions

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most popular and widely used 3D printing technologies available today. Known for its affordability, simplicity, and accessibility, FDM has become the go-to method for hobbyists, educators, engineers, and manufacturers alike.

FDM 3D printing works by melting a thermoplastic filament and extruding it through a heated nozzle. The printer lays down this melted plastic layer by layer in a precise pattern, building a three-dimensional object from the bottom up. Each new layer fuses with the one beneath it, gradually forming the complete model as dictated by a digital design file.

 

The FDM printing process begins with a 3D model, typically created in computer-aided design (CAD) software. This model is then sliced into thin horizontal layers using slicing software. The slicer converts the 3D model into a series of instructions (G-code) that tells the printer exactly where and how to move, at what speed, and at what temperature.

When the slicing is complete, the file can then be transferred to the 3D printer. The printer heats up the nozzle and the build plate (if applicable), then begins extruding the filament according to the instructions. The print head moves in the X and Y axes to draw the shape of each layer, while the Z-axis moves the build platform up and down to allow for the next layer to be deposited on top.

 

While FDM is versatile, it does have some limitations. Surface finish can be rougher compared to other 3D printing methods like SLA or SLS. Layer lines are often visible, and fine details can be more difficult to achieve. Support structures are often required for overhanging parts and must be removed after printing. Additionally, warping and layer adhesion issues can occur if print settings are not carefully tuned.

 

FDM 3D printing is a powerful tool that has democratized manufacturing and prototyping. Whether you're creating a simple prototype, a custom part, or an artistic model, FDM offers a practical and cost-effective solution. As technology continues to evolve, FDM remains at the forefront of the desktop 3D printing revolution.

 

One of the biggest benefits of FDM technology is its accessibility. Entry-level FDM printers are relatively inexpensive and easy to set up, making them ideal for schools, makerspaces, and small businesses. FDM is also highly scalable; larger, industrial machines are capable of producing durable end-use parts.

Other advantages include:

Wide material availability

Low operating costs

Minimal post-processing

Customizable print settings

PLA (Polylactic Acid)

PLA is the most widely used 3D printing filament. It’s made from renewable resources like corn starch or sugarcane, making it biodegradable and environmentally friendly.

Pros:

Easy to print with (low warping)

Low printing temperature (180–220°C)

Minimal odor

Good surface finish

Biodegradable

Cons:

Brittle and less impact-resistant

Low heat resistance (softens around 60°C)

Not suitable for functional parts under stress or heat

Common Uses:

Prototypes

Toys

Decorative objects

Educational projects

 

PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol-Modified)

PETG offers a balance between ease of printing and strength and durability.

Pros:

Tough and impact-resistant

Slight flexibility (less brittle than PLA)

Good layer adhesion

Water and chemical resistant

More heat resistant than PLA

Minimal warping

Cons:

Slightly stringy during printing

Lower surface quality

Common Uses:

Mechanical parts

Functional Prototyping

Outdoor items

 

 

TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) / TPE

TPU is a flexible, rubber-like material used for parts that need elasticity and impact resistance.

Pros:

Highly flexible and elastic

Wear and tear resistant

Chemical resistant

Impact resistant

Cons:

Difficult to print with (requires slow speeds)

Poor bridging and overhang performance

May require a direct-drive extruder

Common Uses:

Phone cases

Gaskets and seals

Wearable devices

Flexible joints

Impact resisting parts

 

 

Simply head to our Contact Us page and fill in your information as well as submit your 3D files. If you need help refining and optimising your model, feel free to indicate that in the message. STUDENTS GET A 10% DISCOUNT SO REMEMBER TO FILL THAT IN.

When requesting your Quote, indicate in the drop down menu that you are a student, then, attach a photo of your student card with the date of expiry in clear view. Lastly, enjoy your 10% discount.

 

3D printing has revolutionized the way we design, prototype, and manufacture objects. From classrooms and home workshops to industrial production lines, 3D printers are becoming increasingly common. However, as with any technology, there are safety concerns associated with 3D printing that users should understand and address to ensure a safe working environment.

 

One of the most significant safety concerns in 3D printing, especially with Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printers, is the emission of ultrafine particles (UFPs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). When thermoplastics like PLA, ABS, TPU or PETG are heated and extruded, they release tiny airborne particles and gases. Prolonged exposure to these emissions—especially in poorly ventilated spaces—can potentially irritate the respiratory system or cause long-term health effects.

For example, ABS emits higher levels of VOCs compared to PLA, which is generally considered safer due to its plant-based origins. Even then, PLA can release UFPs during printing. It’s important to operate 3D printers in well-ventilated areas or use enclosed printers with filtration systems (such as HEPA or activated carbon filters) to minimize exposure.

 

3D printers operate at high temperatures. The hot end of an FDM printer can easily reach 300°C, and heated beds often reach temperatures well over 100°C. Touching these components during or shortly after a print can result in serious burns. There is also a fire risk if a printer malfunctions or is left unattended for long periods, particularly with DIY or lower-end models that may lack thermal protection features.

 

To reduce fire risks, users should:

1. Never leave the printer running unattended for long durations.

2. Use smoke detectors in rooms with 3D printers.

3. Choose printers with thermal runaway protection, a feature that shuts the printer down if it detects abnormal heating behavior.

 

3D printers have moving parts that can pose a risk of pinching or injury if touched during operation. While most printers are not typically powerful enough to cause severe harm, the stepper motors and belts should still be handled with care. Additionally, like any electrical appliance, 3D printers carry a risk of electrical shock or fire if improperly wired or damaged.

Regular maintenance, proper grounding, and the use of surge protectors can help mitigate these risks. Users should also avoid modifying printers unless they are confident in their technical knowledge.

 

3D printing is generally safe when used correctly, but it’s important to be aware of the potential hazards. Proper ventilation, attention to thermal risks, careful handling of materials, and responsible maintenance are key to ensuring safety. Whether you're a hobbyist, educator, or professional, adopting good safety practices will help you enjoy the benefits of 3D printing without unnecessary risk.

 

We take the price of a spool of filament multiplied by the amount of filament needed to print a part, we then factor in how much time it takes to print and how many labor hours are needed for post processing. This enables us to keep things simple and allows you to enjoy the benefits of low prices.